| Abstract: |
This review paper provides an in-depth meta-analysis and systematic study of previous literature devoted to designing, optimizing, and developing compact, high power density converters optimized for electric vehicle (EV) as well as industrial battery charger use cases. In the last 10 years, this necessity has resulted in an explosive growth of energy storage systems that require a change in thinking regarding power conversion architectures to achieve smaller volume and higher efficiency. With an analytical analysis of thirty influential papers, each taken from IEEE records this is the first person quantification of the evolution with circuit topologies, soft-switching methods and semiconductors. The meta-analysis analyzes the move from Silicon to Insulated-Gate Bi-polar Transistors (IGBTs) and Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) to Wide-Bandgap (WBG)–predominantly Gallium Nitride (GAN) and Silicon Carbide SIC[GAN]. The use of WBG-based topologies, in conjunction with improvements in power densities, switching frequencies and thermal management metrics, results in an average 40% increase in the overall Power Density over conventional frameworks with up to a commensurate 35% reduction (by volume) of passive components. In addition, this document investigates resonant topologies including LLC and DAB topologies which are inherently capable of realizing zero Volt-switching (ZVS) and zero-current-switching (ZCS) boundaries. Overall, this review integrates the fragmented paradigms of contemporary converter science as well as highlighting significant voids in EMI suppression and multi-objective thermal co-design. Insights gleaned create an architectural guide for future researchers looking to develop what may be the world-is-most-compact battery charger interface with a conversion efficiency capable of meeting the strictest global standards. |
