| Abstract: |
This study investigates the changes in butterfly fauna at different altitudinal levels in Central Jharkhand. Butterflies are known to be sensitive indicators of environmental change, making them ideal subjects for studying the impact of altitude on biodiversity. The study area covers various altitudinal zones, ranging from lowlands to highlands, each with distinct ecological characteristics. A systematic sampling method was employed to collect butterfly specimens across different altitudes. The specimens were identified to species level, and their abundance and diversity were recorded. Additionally, environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, and vegetation cover were also measured at each altitude to understand their influence on butterfly distribution. The results revealed significant changes in butterfly fauna along the altitudinal gradient. Higher altitudes showed lower species richness but higher species diversity compared to lower altitudes. This pattern is likely due to the variation in environmental conditions, such as temperature and vegetation, which change with altitude. Furthermore, certain butterfly species were found to be exclusive to specific altitudinal zones, highlighting the importance of altitude in shaping butterfly distribution patterns. |
